Tourism | Moroccan Daily News
Tourism is the travel for recreation, leisure, religious, family business purposes, usually of a limited duration. Tourism is commonly associated with trans-national travel, but may also refer to travel to another location within the same country. TheWorld Tourism Organization defines tourists as people "traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes".[1]
Tourism has become a popular global leisure activity. Tourism can be domestic or international, and international tourism has both incoming and outgoing implications on a country's balance of payments. Today, tourism is a major source of income for many countries, and affects the economy of both the source and host countries, in some cases it is of vital importance.
Tourism suffered as a result of a strong economic slowdown of the late-2000s recession, between the second half of 2008 and the end of 2009, and the outbreak of the H1N1 influenza virus.[2][3] It then slowly recovered, with international tourist arrivals surpassed the milestone 1 billion tourists globally for first time in history in 2012.[4] International tourism receipts (the travel item of the balance of payments) grew to US$1.03 trillion (€740 billion) in 2011, corresponding to an increase in real terms of 3.8% from 2010.[5] In 2012, China became the largest spender in international tourism globally with US$102 billion, surpassing Germany and United States. China and emerging markets significantly increase their spending over the past decade, with Russia and Brazil as noteworthy examples.[6]
The different types of tourists in tourism industry

How will you define a tourist? Tourist can be defined as a person, who makes a tour away from home for leisure, business or other purposes for more than one day but less than a year. Based on their various needs and reasons for traveling, tourists are classified in the following categories:
Incentive tourists: Incentives tourists are those few lucky individuals, who get a holiday package as a reward from his company, for good work or achieving targets, set by the company. Incentive tourists draw inspiration from such tours to work harder, improve work relations and focus on team bonding. A salesman who is awarded with a nice holiday package for accomplishing the target sales is a perfect example of incentive tourist.
Health or medical tourist: Those who seek special medical treatment, which is only possible away from home, make trips to other places and are called Health or medical tourist. Some of these tourists avail medical assistance in other countries, for they may be expensive in their own country. Many health or medical tourists also make trips simply to stay for few days in healthier climate. Hoards of medical tourist fly to South Africa from oversee countries to undergo plastic surgery.
Business tourist: Tourist traveling with relation to business is known as business tourist. Business tourism is part of the business world. Most of the cities feature conference centers that cater to the needs of business tourists. A proper example of a business tourist is a salesman, who makes trips to different places to attend trade shows, to display and promote his own products also. 
Education tourists: Tourists traveling to a particular place in another town, city or country for further study in order to improve his or her educational qualification are termed as education tourist. There are also group of people, who travel to attend workshops to upgrade skills. A clinic nurse, who makes trip to another province to attend a particular workshop, qualifying individual about infectious diseases is an example of an educational tourist.
Adventure tourists: Adventure tourists look for some unusual or bizarre experience. They seek adventurous activities that may be dangerous, such as rock climbing, river rafting, skydiving, shark cave diving and bungee jumping.
Cultural tourist: These types of tourists travel to experience the essence of assorted cultures, such as San rock art, or cultural festivals such as the National Art Festival in Grahams town, or the International Jazz Festival in Cape Town. Cultural tourists also prefer to witness the World Heritage Sites of the traveled country.
Eco-tourists: Nature loving tourists, who love to go green like traveling to Bonita Gardens in Bloemfontein South Africa or similar destinations are called eco-tourists. They travel throughout the world in search of destinations not affected by pollution or much human intervention.  
Leisure tourist: These tourists want to rejuvenate and revitalize with comfort, while enjoying a break from mundane routine of life. Examples of this type of tourism are cruising while vacationing or simple relaxing on a beach.
Religious tourist: Religious tourist travel to sites of religious significance. World is dotted with a number of religious locations like Hajj in Mecca, Jerusalem in Israel, Varanasi in India, and the Vatican in Rome. During Easter, a huge conglomeration of Christian pilgrimage takes place in Zion City.
Sport and recreation tourist: These sorts of tourists either take active part in or just watch sports events. Some of such popular sport events are the Soccer World Cup, Wimbledon Tennis Championship, Comrades Marathon, and Fisher River Canoe Marathon.
Backpacking or youth tourist: This group of tourist is of young age and they travel with minimum luggage and on a limited budget. But they are very passionate and love excitements and adventures, while traveling. They generally have no specific travel schedules and tend to travel independently.  
Special Interest Tourist (STI): They nurture particular passion in different things like bird watching, nature, fishing during the Sardine Run, food and wine or attending the Cape Town Book Fair.

Benefits of Tourism
The key benefits of tourism are economic, socio-cultural and environmental.
Economic benefits - Tourism can provide direct jobs to the community, such as tour guides or hotel housekeeping. Indirect employment is generated through other industries such as agriculture, food production, and retail.
Visitors' expenditure generates income for the local community and can lead to the alleviation of poverty in countries which are heavily reliant on tourism.
Economic diversification is important to areas where there may be a concentration of environmentally damaging industries such as mining or manufacturing.
Infrastructure development such as airports, roads, schools, hospitals, and retail areas have the potential to benefit the local community and can aid economic development by allowing more trade and better flow of goods and services.
Social benefits - Tourism can bring about a real sense of pride and identity to communities. By showcasing distinct characteristics of their ways of life, history and culture, tourism can encourage the preservation of traditions which may be at risk of
Environmental benefits - Tourism provides financial support for the conservation of ecosystems and natural resource management, making the destination more authentic and desirable to visitors. It also adds more value to the local tourism business.

8 Disadvantages of Tourism: The Dark Side of Vacations

For those of you that have ever gone on vacation, you know how special an experience it can be. And by vacation, we don’t mean visiting your parents for the holidays – vacations shouldn’t trigger migraines. By vacation, we mean the “saving up money for months, taking time off of work way in advance, buying a fanny pack” type of vacation – not a trip, but an honest-to-goodness vacation. Unless you yourself happen to live in a tourist destination, chances are you don’t even think about the other side of the equation when visiting another part of the world, or another part of your own country. If you did, then you might feel a bit guilty for renting, then erratically driving, those scooters you find in beach towns, or taking that slow guided tour through the busy streets of downtown.
Most people either never even consider this, or if they do, they don’t want to think about it, because a vacation is supposed to be stress-free fun, and no one should feel guilty about taking a vacation. But in reality, there is a downside to tourism – the places you’re visiting, no matter how magical they may seem, have residents who live there all year round, and they, the businesses, environment, everything, are all affected by tourism. Today, we’re discussing the negative side of tourism, and how the throngs of tourists can have a detrimental effect on their dream destination. Hopefully, we don’t scare you away from traveling after reading this article, but if it does freak you out a bit, then this course on traveling with confidence, and this article on packing for travel should be enough to get you excited about it again.
Some of the following negative issues associated with the otherwise-enriching experience of tourism and traveling may seem obvious, and others you probably never would have thought of. Either way, try to be aware of them next time you plan a trip somewhere, and try your best to be a conscientious traveler.

Stress on Insufficient Infrastructure

Many times, local governments are unable to prepare for the dramatic influx of people that accompany a destination’s “busy season”, or for a special event, like the ones that revolve around sports, such as the World Cup or the Olympics, or a cultural event, like Carnival or Mardi Gras. Traffic jams and crowded streets full of ambling tourists can bring local life to a grinding halt. Granted, all the planning in the world can’t make already-existent streets any wider, but with major events only getting more and more packed as population increases, without sufficient planning, tourism can put a strain on local facilities and infrastructure, which may prove difficult, and perhaps impossible, for a community to overcome.

Loss of Privacy

There are countless local communities the world over that have felt a loss of not only privacy, but the feeling that their town is no longer theirs. Whether it’s a small medieval city in Italy, or a colonial town in Central America, excessive tourism can can strip the locals of a feeling of privacy. It may be due to the newly-packed restaurants and bars, or the very streets that used to be empty, it’s not unusual to feel as if their humble town has been taken over by outsiders.

Change of Priorities for Government

Because the local governments of smaller towns and cities are easily overwhelmed, especially if they happen to be a popular tourist destination, or are poised to become one, they may start focusing on the potential influx of money brought in by tourists’ dollars, sometimes at the cost of focusing on local issues. This may be especially true if a community is not yet a destination, but has some type of event or landmark it can use to bring in revenue. They may decide to focus attention and resources on this potential cash flow rather than the local population and its issues.

Higher Prices

Anyone who’s been to a popular tourist destination knows that they’re going to spend a lot of money, not only due to the volume of purchases, but because tourist destinations tend to jack up the prices of everything: food, hotels, drinks, services, etc. Many tourists don’t think about this, but the locals must also pay they exorbitant prices, which are at their current state directly due to tourism. To learn how to stay on budget when on the road, check out this course on traveling more and spending less to save some bucks.

Local Job Market Affected

In tourist destinations that tend to rely on the weather for their tourist dollars, like places in the Caribbean, or towns with good skiing, a majority of their workforce is tourism-reliant. What this means for them is that many, if not most of these jobs are seasonal, and virtually non-existent in the off-season, and when they are working, these positions tend to be low paying. Hopefully this situation doesn’t describe you, but if it does, or you’re just out of a job right now, no matter where you live, then this course on getting a good job will help you work on your resume, as well as your networking and interviewing skills.

Resources and Land Affected

This issue is related more to destinations that cater to nature-lovers, and whose tourist appeal lies in their physical beauty. These communities tend to be on the smaller side, and feel the magnified effects of the tourism industry more so than other places might. Here, natural resources such as water, energy, food, and even habitat areas, which were possibly already in precarious positions, feel much more strain when a large population is using them, in addition to the locals. Also, the physical land may be at risk of negative affects. Soil erosion, pollution, discharge into water, deforestation, and issues with local species of animals and plants may come about due to the increased activity. If you’re planning a trip to a beautiful destination, in addition to respecting the physical beauty, make sure you document it, as well, and this course on the art of travel photography will show you how to take better photos of the beauty that surrounds you.

Commodification

When a tourist destination also happens to be sacred, with spiritual and/or religious notions and activities associated with it, there’s a good possibility that these places and ideas can just become entertainment and commodities to some visitors. Associated with the concept of “reconstructed ethnicity”, various rites, rituals, festivals, and places that are seen as spiritually important, may end up taking on an air of entertainment, possibly resulting in changes in local values, as well as lost respect for these things.

Standardization

Tourists go to a place because it’s different than what they’re used to, which influences some destinations to play up their “unusualness”, but not too much so. While they may attempt to keep their identity for tourists, destinations sometimes don’t want to be too “different”, and must water down and standardize their product, as well as throw in the food and hotel chains that many tourists feel comfortable with.
Hopefully we haven’t scared you away from your next vacation to a tropical paradise, or a small ancient town. All we wanted to do was inform you of some of the potential downfalls of the normally glamorous tourism industry. Rarely do people discuss the other side of this coin, and while these situations may not always be the case, they very well could exist – just be aware of them, and try to be a respectful and conscientious tourist next time you’re on vacation, and make sure you document your travels well, which this course on travel journaling will help you out with.
The effects of tourism on LEDCs
Advantages
Problems
Foreign currency spent by tourists can be invested in improving local education, health and other services.
Profits go to foreign companies, such as tour operators and hotel chains, rather than to the local community.
Jobs for local people are created and people can learn new skills in tourism services.
Foreign companies may bring foreign workers to do the skilled jobs; so local people only do low skilled, poorly paid work.
Construction creates jobs and develops skills for local people.
House prices rise when foreign companies and investors buy property for hotels and holiday homes. This often makes houses too expensive for locals.
Local infrastructure is improved as water and sanitation facilities, roads, buses, taxis and airports are provided for tourists.
Important projects for local communities might be sidelined as infrastructure developments are focused on tourists.
Visitors get an insight into local customs and traditions.
If the aim of activities is to entertain, rather than educate tourists, this may belittle the local people.
Tourists see beautiful landscapes, wildlife and plants. They can also be educated about the dangers to fragile ecosystems in the modern world.
Pollution and disruption to wildlife habitats could occur if tourism isn't sustainable.


About hicham

I’m a Pro Blogger. Having my 3+ website. I got engineering degree in computer science engineering. But, I am more appreciated to online business. Now, I ‘m full time blogger and enjoying my journey as well. I started my online carrier since 2018, April. After, research more I got the blogging. Now, I working on Google Ads Network and Affiliate Marketing also.

0 Comments :

Post a Comment